Promote Literacy


Have you ever wanted to help people with illiteracy but not known how to help?  I encourage you to visit a great website that has initiated a worthy cause to help cure illiteracy called "Lemons for Literacy"...and it relies on people like you to help make it happen.  Here is a little blurb about it found on the Reading Horizons and the Reading Horizons at Home websites:

As the old saying goes, “When life gives you lemons, make lemonade!”
Over 40 million Americans struggle with literacy problems. People who struggle with reading can be seen as having been given lemons in life. With the support of effective reading instruction, these people can turn their lemons into lemonade.

We want to celebrate and support the resiliency of people who overcome their struggles with reading. Thousands of inspiring people have turned their struggles with reading into strengths.


Lemons for Literacy has two goals:
1. To help cure illiteracy by providing free literacy materials to people in need.
2. To provide free education for everyone.

 


Visit http://www.readinghorizonsathome.com/lemonsforliteracy/ to help individuals
Visit http://www.ReadingHorizons.com/LemonsForLiteracy to help institutions.


 

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Monday, March 23, 2009 4:28 PM | Feedback (0)

What is Grade Level Equivalency?


You may have heard teachers and publishers refer to Grade Level Equivalency (GLE) in context of leveled readers and assessments.  Care should be taken to interpret these scores accurately.  Something that is important to recognize is that the intended use and definition of GLE is not to prescribe at which grade level students can perform.  For example, a sixth grade student's performance at an 8.1 grade level does not necessarily mean that the student is performing at the eighth-grade level.  Rather, it signifies that an eighth-grader would score the same as the sixth-grade student had this eighth-grade student taken the sixth-grade test.  (Visit this link to learn more.)

There are a variety of measurements used to obtain GLE scores, but it is important to note that each tool provides different GLE scores.  To see an example this in action, visit the StoryToolz website.  (See also these online resources: Tests Document Readability and Improve It and  Edit Central.)  Paste some text into the text box and click "Check Readability."  You'll see several different GLE scores appear, as well as an average of the scores.  Notice the wide range of scores based on the different tools used. 

The solution?  Learn the purpose and function of each tool and how each score is derived to decide which tool best meets your objectives.  Or, use the average score of the combined tools.  Whatever option you choose, just be consistent.

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, January 02, 2009 11:44 AM | Feedback (0)

What is the Orton-Gillingham Approach?


What is the Orton-Gillingham approach?  Visit this link to learn about Orton-Gillingham methodology, who are good candidates for learning the Orton-Gillingham approach, and who Orton and Gillingham were.

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Monday, December 22, 2008 2:35 PM | Feedback (0)

Minimal Pairs for ESOL Students' Pronunciation (Part 3)


In Part 1 of this series of posts on Minimal Pairs, I shared minimal pairs exercises that practice consonant sounds in English.  In Part 2 of this series, I shared minimal pairs exercises that practice vowel sounds in English.  In this post, Part 3, I will share more minimal pairs exercises that can be used to practice murmur diphthongs and special vowel sounds.

 Contrast the following sounds:

 

long & short vowels with r-controlled vowels
/ar/ with /er/
/or/ with /er/
/oo/ in “look” with /oo/ in “zoo”
Special vowel sounds
had  hard
lad  lard
bid  bird
fist  first
fen  fern
pet  pert
am  arm
ham  harm
con  corn
sot  sort
hut  hurt
cussed  cursed
cub  curb
luck  lurk
gill  girl
gem  germ
cave  carve
stoke  stork
far  fur
shark  shirk
star  stir
hard  heard
barn  burn
heart  hurt
cart  Kurt
dart  dirt
farm  firm
park  perk
for  fur
store  stir
born  burn
short  shirt
form  firm
warm  worm
torn  turn
bored  bird
court  Kurt
pork  perk
full  fool
pull  pool
skull  school
look  Luke
soot  suit
wood  wooed
could  cooed
hood  who’d
should  shooed
crone  crown
sit  sight
fool  foul
crowed  crowd
calf  cough
boot  bout
hack  hawk
frock  frog
stack  stalk
hat  halt
suck  sulk
nuke  nook
wooed  would soul  soil
tack  talk
laughed  loft

 

Note:  Information adapted from the Decoding Strategies for Literacy Development manual published by HEC Reading Horizons.

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, December 19, 2008 2:42 PM | Feedback (0)

Minimal Pairs Exercises for ESOL Students' Pronunciation (Part 2)


In a previous post, I shared examples of minimal pairs that can be used to help students practice consonant sounds in English.  In this post, I am sharing minimal pairs that can be used to practice vowel sounds in English.  (See also Part 3 for minimal pairs practice with murmur diphthongs and special vowels sounds.)

Contrast the Following Sounds:

/ă/ and /ĕ/

/ŭ/ and /ŏ/

/ĕ/ and /ā/

/ĭ/ and /ĕ/

/ē/ and /ĭ/

/ŏ/ and /ar/

bag   beg

tan   ten

fan   fen

pat   pet

bat   bet

sat   set

ham   hem

rad   red

pan   pen

mat   met

and   end

man   men

sad   said

gas   guess

had   head

hut   hot
sup   sop
gut   got
nut   not
mud   mod
sub   sob
rub   rob
cup   cop
cub   cob
cut   cot
dug   dog
hug   hog
jug   job
pup   pop
bus   boss
miss   mess
bucks   box
duck   dock
bum   bomb
but   bought
putt   pot
bet   bait
gel   jail
let   late
pen   pain
pest   paste
sent   saint
shed   shade
test   taste
west   waist
wet   wait
fell   fail
let   late
get   gate
sell   sale
tell   tale
fed   fade
wed   wade
less   lace
shell   shale
chess   chase
bit   bet
him   hem
lid   led
pig   peg
sit   set
tint   tent
will   well
miss   mess
lift   left
gym   gem
spill   spell
knit   net
chick   check
did   dead
bid   bed
big   beg
hid   head
pit   pet
teen   tin
heap   hip
heel   hill
peel   pill
eel   ill
deep   dip
green   grin
greet   grit
sleep   slip
meet   mitt
sheen   shin
sheep   ship
cheap   chip
sleeper   slipper
wheat   whit
deeper   dipper
jaw   jar
dock   dark
lock   lark
mock   mark
pock   park
shock   shark
box   barks
hawk   hark
knock   nark
laws   Lars
hot   heart
cot   cart
clock   Clark

Note:  Information adapted from the Decoding Strategies for Literacy Development manual published by HEC Reading Horizons.

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, December 12, 2008 11:05 AM | Feedback (1)

Link for Literacy


A colleague of mine is running a campaign on Facebook entitled "Link for Literacy" which benefits individuals in need of literacy training but lack the resources to obtain it.  Because I feel that literacy is such a worthy cause, I am posting the instructions on how to participate.  The idea behind the campaign is that if you post the link on your website, blog, e-mail signature, etc., HEC Reading Horizons will donate $5 per link to contribute to a fund that provides literacy training for individuals in need.  Notice that I have the "Link for Literacy" link on this blog to the right.  It only took a few seconds to do, yet the benefits are enormous.  I'm happy to help contribute to the worthy cause of helping to cure illiteracy. 


Thank you for joining the Link for Literacy group! Together we can cure illiteracy throughout the world. Over 40 million people in America struggle with literacy problems.

Below is an easy step by step way to join the cause!
For every link Reading Horizons will donate $5 to provide literacy software for people in need.
Put this link on your webpage, blog, e-mail signature, company intranet or wiki.

Share Link on Facebook:
1.Under “Profile” on your Facebook “Wall” select “Share Link” tab.
2.Enter the website: www.readinghorizonsathome.com/link_for_literacy.aspx
3.Click on “Preview” and choose the 5th picture that shows the orange Link for Literacy icon.
4.Click “Post” .
5. Email support@readinghorizonsathome.com and put “Link” in the subject, and you’re done.

Adding us as a website on Facebook:
1.Under “Profile” on your Facebook page select the “info” tab.
2.Then scroll down to “Contact Information” and choose the “Edit” button that appears in the upper right corner.
3.Simply add www.readinghorizonsathome.com/link_for_literacy.aspx or www.readinghorizonsathome.com in the “Website” text box
4.Select “Save Changes” .
5. Email support@readinghorizonsathome.com and put “Link” in the subject, and you’re done.

Embedding a link on a blog or website:
1.Highlight the following text after the word “Link:” right click, and select “Copy”.
Link:
<div style="text-align:center"><a href="http://www.readinghorizonsathome.com/link_for_literacy.aspx" title="Link for Literacy"><img style="border:none" src="http://www.readinghorizonsathome.com/images/link_for_literacy.jpg" alt="Reading Horizons at Home - Link for Literacy"></a></div>
2.Simply “Paste” the selected text into the webpage you wish to add the link to.
3.Email the URL for the webpage or blog you embedded with our link to support@readinghorizonsathome.com, and you’re done. (*Please put “Link” as the Subject.)

Either way you add the link, we will donate $5 to someone in need! Every little bit helps! One step at a time we can cure illiteracy! Share this group with your friends and join the cause! Don’t forget to email us and let us know you linked!

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, December 05, 2008 12:30 PM | Feedback (0)

Thankful for Literacy


With it being Thanksgiving this week, I thought it would be appropriate to share a letter I received from an individual I met when visiting an adult literacy site last year.  The words capture gratitude for something I feel passionate about that I think we often, as literate individuals, take for granted:  literacy.  Following is a major portion of the letter as I received it: 


Thank you Reading Horizons
 
In 2006, at the age of 55, I started the Adult Education program at Holland College to continue my education and get my GED’s. I was only able to attend for a few months before I had to return to work. My experience was a good one but very hard.  As a child I didn’t have a very good beginning when I attended the smaller grades in the regular school system, so when it came down to the crunch, I got used to faking it. It became a way of life, so automatic.
          Then in 2007, I returned to the Adult Education program with the determination to continue and succeed. When I returned to school, I was introduced to a new research project called Reading Horizons. It was a three part project that was done on computer, by teacher or, on their own learning ability. I was on the computer part of this experiment. At first, I was skeptic of what a computer could do that years of schooling hadn’t been able to, but I soon changed my tune. I was tested with the Wood Cock Johnson method before and after the project and amazed myself at how much I improved. It was a fun project as I got to meet others who were in the same boat as I was, there was an understanding teacher there, ready to help if needed, and I was able to go at my own pace. I was able to learn how to break down words into syllables and sounds, and the computer voice gave me the ability to hear the sounds of these words I didn’t know or that I was pronouncing it wrong all along. 
The program has taught me a lot and has worked for me. It has helped me to get my GED’s, as I got them about a month after the program was finished and I firmly believe that without it that goal would not have happened as quickly as it did.
 I have started up an old hobby with a new outlook on things. The art of short story writing has been a passion for me since I was younger. Because of the hard time I had had in school, and people telling me that I was too stupid to do it, I foolishly let it slide, but the passion never left and I’m back, stronger, with my own dictionary that does not include stupid. Now I can write and I’m able to read what I write, and not guess at what I meant when I come across words that are miss-spelt. I now know that when others read these stories they will know what I’m writing about.   These stories have grown from a page to many pages because I am now more interested in what I am writing about and how it is put together. I want more people to see the pictures in my mind and to do this I have to take them on a journey through my words. Now I can do this. 
I am so grateful to Holland College, the teachers, and to the Reading Horizons program for the help they have given me. Help, I should have had forty plus years ago, and also for not giving up on me. There are so many more of us baby-boomers out there in the same boat, but didn’t get the chance I got, and I hope that someday they will get that chance. I now know how to break a word down, watch for the vowels and constants, and sound it out. I look forward to my new life of learning and understanding what I’ve read. It has become my new way of life. One in which I can help others and also the next generation the importance of good reading. 
The only problems I have now are: math, metric, aging,  and finance. These are questions that Reading Horizons can not answer for me, but it can help me to find the answers for myself, by researching , and how do you research? By reading, writing, and more reading and writing. I can’t speak for the teacher, or the alone part of the program, but I can speak for the computer part. I can’t say enough about the program, except that it helped me so much and gave me a new outlook in life.   I think it should be in the schools. Too many children leaving grade twelve, can not read and write. We need to work together to correct this problem. Reading horizons could be a big part of this solution. 

 

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Wednesday, November 26, 2008 11:35 AM | Feedback (0)

What Does the Research Say about Phonics for ELLs?


In another blog post entitled, "Why Phonics for ELLs/ESOL Students?", I shared quotes that provide an impetus for teaching phonics in ELL/ESOL contexts.  But what does the research say about teaching phonics to ELLs/ESOL students?
 
We know that the National Reading Panel (NRP) asserts that instruction in explicit, systematic phonics assists native English-speaking students in the development of literacy skills.  The NRP states that "overwhelming evidence strongly supports the concept that explicitly and systematically teaching phonics in the classroom significantly improves students' reading and spelling skills." 
 
The NRP also reports that "surveys conducted on early reading have repeatedly concluded that word recognition is best learned when it is taught according to three principles..." Word instruction should be: 1) explicitly taught by the teacher; 2) systematically planned and organized; and 3) sequenced in a fashion that moves from simple to complex.  So what about phonics for ELLs? 
 
Some may dispute that because these findings are specific to native English-speaking students, they do not apply to ESOL students.
 
I briefly reviewed some research that addresses the question regarding the applicability of the NRP’s recommendation of phonics for ESOL students.  The fact is that there is a huge need for more research in the area of the effects of phonics for ESOL students.  However, Timothy Shanahan and Isabel Beck attempt to explore whether the NRP’s conclusion that “teaching [native English-speaking] children how to use sound-letter relationships to decode words…confers a learning benefit on children who are learning English” (p. 419).
 
Shanahan and Beck searched for as many studies as they could find that explored the effects of explicit phonics and/or phonemic awareness (or a variation of such instruction) on ESOL students.  They found only five studies they could use for this purpose.  Each of these five studies had limitations, thus emphasizing the need for more research in this area, but they served the purpose of contributing to attempting to answer Shanahan’s and Beck’s question, “Does teaching phonemic awareness, phonics, or sight vocabulary confer similar advantages on English-language learners?” (p. 424).  Though the studies had their limitations (as previously mentioned), and additional research is needed to replicate their studies and to generalize their findings, overall, this research is consistent with the NRP’s research findings of the effects of phonics and phonemic awareness training on native English speakers.  Here is an excerpt from the chapter:
 
“Clearly, five small studies of phonological awareness and phonics are far from sufficient to allow a determination of the most useful instructional methods for meeting the early literacy needs of English-language learners.  However, the findings of all five studies are consistent with the solid findings of first-language research.  The National Reading Panel examined 52 studies of phonological awareness instruction and another 38 studies of phonics instruction.  Both conferred clear benefits on children’s reading development, as determined by a wide range of measures, including beginning reading comprehension.  The five studies of phonological awareness and phonics with English-language learners had similar results, although only one of these studies measured reading comprehension outcomes.
 
“Additional research is needed both to replicate these findings and to help determine whether special routines or emphases are needed in these areas in teaching English-language learners from various language backgrounds…” (p. 427).
 
In conclusion, the research results that are available, though limited, are consistent with the NRP’s recommendation of phonics and phonemic awareness training for native English speakers.  In addition, additional research that explores the effects of explicit, systematic phonics instruction on ELLs is greatly needed. 

Sources:
 
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (2000). Report of the National Reading Panel. Teaching children to read: an evidence-based assessment of the scientific research literature on reading and its implication for reading instruction: Reports of the sub-groups (NIH Publication No. 00-4754). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
 
Shanahan, T. & Beck, I. (2006). Effective literacy teaching for English-language learners. In D. August & T. Shanahan (Eds.), Developing lIteracy in second-language learners: Report of the National Literacy Panel on language-minority children and youth. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. 
 

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, November 21, 2008 12:12 PM | Feedback (0)

Website: The International Public Library


A colleague shared a website with me this week called The International Public Library that serves as a great resource and provides a wealth of information.  You can click on listed topics to access several links on the topic.  There is also a section for kids called KidSpace that provides information on high interest topics appropriate for their reading level. 

This website could be shared with students to use as a resource for obtaining information for in-class assignments.  In addition, student use of this website could be adapted for use as a research activity to develop reading skills.

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, November 14, 2008 5:12 PM | Feedback (0)

Web-based Tool for Vocabulary Development


In a previous post, I mentioned a couple of online tools that I am using in some curriculum projects I'm currently working on.  This week as I was using the vocabulary profiler link mentioned in my previous post, I visited the home page of which this link is part, and I found several additional links to a variety of other vocabulary tools relating to morphology, spelling, and high frequency words (to name a few).  This web tool, developed by Tom Cobb at the University of Québec in Montréal, extracts detailed information about vocabulary used in text.  Not only did I enjoy entering text from some of the curriculum I'm developing to see what interesting information I could extract, but exploring the links on this site also prompted some ideas regarding how these concepts might be adapted in the classroom to promote ESOL vocabulary.

 

author: Heidi Hyte | posted @ Friday, November 07, 2008 4:21 PM | Feedback (0)